Garam masala: A North Indian blend of dry-roasted, ground spices used to add spicy heat to dishes. Typically it includes black pepper, cinnamon, cloves, coriander, cumin, cardamom, dried chilies, fennel, mace, nutmeg and other spices. Available at specialty markets.

Gelatin: A clear, tasteless thickening agent made from beef and veal bones, cartilage, tendons and other tissue, or from pig skin. Vegetarian gelatin, which is made without animal byproducts from plant gums, is available at some specialty and natural food stores and by mail order. Some kosher gelatins also are animal-free. Read ingredient labels carefully to be sure.

Granulated maple syrup: Also sold under the name dehydrated maple syrup or maple sugar.

Granulated sugar-cane juice: A natural-food substitute for sugar. Made from sugar-cane juice that is dehydrated by spinning at a high temperature through a vacuum tunnel and then milled into a powder. Only the water is removed, leaving the vitamins, minerals and trace elements naturally present in sugar cane.